Design, synthesis and antidiabetic activity studies of purine derivatives / 药学学报

Based our previous work, twelve purine derivatives were designed and synthesized as dual modulators of GPR119 and DPP-4by conjugating the GPR119 activating and DPP-4 inhibiting fragments with the position 6 and 9 of purine core via an approach of merged pharmacophores. Compound 11, bearing 2-fluoro-4-methylsulphonyl anilide and cyanopyrrolidine moieties, exhibited the most potent GPR119 agonistic activities (EC50 = 0.33 μmol·L-1, IA = 71.1%) and DPP-4 inhibitory (58.4% inhibition at 10 μmol·L-1, 21.2% inhibition at 1 μmol·L-1) activities in the in vitro antidiabetic study. Subsequently, we performed studies on structure activity relationships and molecular docking to guide the further drug design.

Effect of respiratory filter on pulmonary function in occupational health examination / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the influence and significance of respiratory filter on the judgment of pulmonary function and the conclusion of occupational health examination in occupational health examination. Methods: From August to November 2020, 252 occupational health examinees were randomly selected as the research objects, and the lung function was examined with the respiratory filter bite and the straight cylinder bite without filter, respectively. The lung function examination indexes and the qualification rate of lung function examination were analyzed and compared between the two groups, and the diagnostic criteria of lung function examination was corrected. Results: 252 subjects were 36 (30, 42) years old. The qualified rate of lung function examination with respiratory filter bite (28.17%, 71/252) was lower than that with straight cylinder bite (34.92%, 88/252) , the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . The percentage of forced vital capacity in normal predicted value (FVC%) , percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second in normal predicted value (FEV(1)%) , and percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second in forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC%) of subjects using respiratory filter bite were lower than those using the straight cylinder bite (P<0.05) . The corrected diagnostic criteria of pulmonary function were FVC%>78%, FEV(1)%>77%, FEV(1)/FVC%>68%. There was no significant difference between the qualified rate of the respiratory filter bite lung function test calculated according to the corrected diagnostic criteria (35.71%, 90/252) and the qualified rate of the straight cylinder bite lung function test calculated according to the original diagnostic criteria (34.92%, 88/252) (P>0.05) . Conclusion: In occupational health examination, the use of respiratory filter may affect the results of pulmonary function examination. The diagnostic criteria of pulmonary function can be corrected according to different filtering effects to ensure the accuracy of the conclusions of occupational health examination.

Exercise and Rehabilitation Training for Children's Balance: A Scoping Review / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To analyze the exercise and rehabilitation training programs for children's balance ability using scoping review. Methods:The literatures about children's balance ability, exercise and rehabilitation training were retrieved from CNKI, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science, until 2021-03-17. The authors, published time, countries, objects and their ages, study tools, interventions and the time, and outcomes were extracted. Results:A total of 2679 literatures were returned, 34 of which were enrolled, which came from 13 countries, and were almost published in journals of medicine, sports science, and rehabilitation and disabilities. The literatures were mainly published after 2010, investigate with measurements and scales. The measurements mainly included foot pressure system, force platform, Biodex balancer, etc.; and the scales mainly included Berg Balance Scale, Pediatric Balance Scale, Gross Motor Function Measure, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, etc. There were four typies of program: balance training, interactive computer games, virtual reality and sports events. Interventions for sick children included strength training, whole-body vibration training, Wii-Fit balance games and virtual reality treadmill training, etc. Sports for healthy children mainly included skating, Taiji Quan and gymnastics, etc. Conclusion:There are differences in the researches for children's balance ability at home and abroad. The abroad researches focus on the children with various diseases, in a larger age range, using more evaluation tools and more intervention methods. However, Chinese researches are usually for a longer intervention time, more subjects, and focusing more on healthy children. It is needed to pay more attention on children with diseases before three years old, for early diagnosis and treatment. Long-term effects should be observed other than immediateness after intervention.

Network Meta-analysis of oral Chinese patent medicine in treatment of knee osteoarthritis / 中国中药杂志

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA) with network Meta-analysis, and provide evidence-based medicine evidences for clinical practice. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM were used to search for clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on Chinese patent medicines for treatment of knee osteoarthritis, with a time limit from the establishment of each database to March 2020. The bias risk assessment tool recommended by Cochrane was used to evaluate the quality of the included RCTs. The network Meta-analysis was performed by Stata 14.0 software. A total of 5 788 patients in 58 RCTs were included, involving 9 kinds of Chinese patent medicines. The results of the network Meta-analysis indicated that in terms of total effective rate, the top three optimal medication regimens were Jinwu Gutong Capsules + Amino Acid Glucose(AAG), Xianling Gubao + AAG and Biqi Capsules; the top three interventions to reduce the VAS score were Panlongqi Tablets > Xianling Gubao + AAG > Xianling Gubao + non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs); the top three interventions to reduce the total score of WOMAC were Jintiange Capsules+NSAIDs> Jinwu Gutong Capsules + AAG > Biqi Capsules + NSAIDs; the top three medication schemes with better curative effect to reduce Lequesnse index were Xianling Gubao + NSAIDs > Biqi Capsules + NSAIDs > Jintiange Capsules + NSAIDs; the top three interventions to reduce TNF-α level Xianling Gubao + AAG > Jintiange Capsules > Jintiange Capsules + AAG=Jinwu Gutong Capsules + AAG. In terms of safety, the top five interventions with the least adverse reactions were Biqi Capsules > Jinwu Gutong Capsules > Biqi Capsules + NSAIDs > Xianling Gubao + NSAIDs > Jintiange Capsules. The combined application of Chinese patent medicine and NSADIs or AAG can improve the clinical treatment effect and reduce adverse reactions in KOA patients.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Pogostemon cablin Based on AFLP Markers / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:This paper aims to study the genetic diversity of <italic>Pogostemon cablin</italic> by amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） markers. Method:The 12 pairs of primers were used for AFLP analysis of 212 samples from 14 varieties，and biological analysis software such as POPGENE 32，Arlequinver 3.5，MEGA 7 and NTSYSpc 2.10e were used for polymorphism parameter calculation，principal coordinate analysis and cluster analysis. Result:A total of 2 238 loci were amplified by 12 pairs of primers. 2 226 of them were polymorphic loci， accounting for 99.38%. At the inter-population level，the values of effective alleles（<italic>Ne</italic>），Nei's gene diversity index（<italic>H</italic>），Shannon polymorphic information index（<italic>I</italic>） were 1.365 6±0.066 3， 0.220 7±0.036 4， and 0.343 7±0.050 2，respectively；and 1.118 5±0.038 7，0.071 3±0.023 0，0.109 4±0.035 0，respectively at the intra-population level. Analysis of molecular variance（AMOVA）showed that 71.57% of the total variation of <italic>P. cablin</italic> was of inter-population nature， and 28.43% was of intra-population nature. The 14 populations could be divided into four groups by cluster analysis. Conclusion:The results of AFLP molecular markers showed that abundant genetic diversity was present at inter-population level of <italic>P. cablin</italic>，however，relatively low at intra-population level； the genetic differentiation at the inter-population level was significant，which could provide a reference for the subsequent study of good germplasm selection of <italic>P. cablin</italic>.

Effect of education intervention on oral health in 40 pre-pregnancy women / 上海预防医学

Objective:To investigate the effect of intervention on oral health of pre-pregnancy women before and after oral health education. Methods:A total of 40 pre-pregnancy women were selected from the Reproductive Medicine Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University according to the inclusion criteria， general conditions， clinical evaluation of plaque and oral health education. Their oral health conditions were evaluated before and after oral health intervention. Results:Based on the oral health status survey， there were significant differences between before and after intervention （all P<0.001） in the following five items： “bleeding from brushing teeth”， “difficulty biting or chewing food”， “sensitivity of teeth or gums to cold， hot， or sweet stimuli”， "restriction of the type and amount of food eaten for dental reasons” and “medication for oral pain or discomfort”. There were significant differences between before and after intervention （all P<0.001） in four items of oral health care behavior including “How often do you brush your teeth？”， “How do you brush your teeth？”， “gargle after meals”， and “floss use or not” but showed no significant difference in toothbrush replacement （P=0.467）. There were significant differences （all P<0.001） in five items of oral health knowledge including “periodontal disease can lead to premature delivery of newborns”， “periodontal disease can lead to low birth weight of newborns”， “need oral examination before pregnancy”， “pregnancy prone to oral diseases”， “mid-pregnancy is the best period for the treatment of oral diseases”. The oral plaque index before intervention was 5.47±1.08 and reduced to 4.37±0.94 after intervention （t=7.93， P=0.001）. Conclusion:Through education intervention， the oral health status of pre-pregnancy women can be improved. The knowledge of oral health can be improved and the level of oral health care can be enhanced. Oral health intervention can effectively reduce the level of plaque in pre-pregnancy women and improve the efficiency of plaque clearance.

Discrimination of Armeniacae Semen Amarum from different processed products and various rancidness degrees by electronic nose and support vector machine / 中国中药杂志

This study was aimed to develop a simple, rapid and reliable method for identifying Armeniacae Semen Amarum from different processed products and various rancidness degrees. The objective odor information of Armeniacae Semen Amarum was obtained by electronic nose. 105 batches of Armeniacae Semen Amarum samples were studied, including three processed products of Armeniacae Semen Amarum, fried Armeniacae Semen Amarum and peeled Armeniacae Semen Amarum, as well as the samples with various rancidness degrees: without rancidness, slight rancidness, and rancidness. The discriminant models of different processed products and rancidness degrees of Armeniacae Semen Amarum were established by Support Vector Machine(SVM), respectively, and the models were verified based on back estimation of blind samples. The results showed that there were differences in the characteristic response radar patterns of the sensor array of different processed products and the samples with different rancidness degrees. The initial identification rate was 95.90% and 92.45%, whilst validation recognition rate was 95.38% and 91.08% in SVM identification models. In conclusion, differentiation in odor of different processed and rancidness degree Armeniacae Semen Amarum was performed by the electronic nose technology, and different processed and rancidness degrees Armeniacae Semen Amarum were successfully discriminated by combining with SVM. This research provides ideas and methods for objective identification of odor of traditional Chinese medicine, conducive to the inheritance and development of traditional experience in odor identification.

Garlicin Post-Conditioning Suppresses Adhesion Molecules in a Porcine Model of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To evaluate whether garlicin post-conditioning can attenuate myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in a catheter-based porcine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by affecting adhesion molecules integrin β1/CD29 and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31).@*METHODS@#Twenty-two swine were devided into 3 groups: 6 in a sham-operation group, and 8 each in the model and garlicin groups. AMI porcine model was established in the model and garlicin groups. The distal parts of the left anterior descending coronary artery in the animals of the model and garlicin groups were occluded by dilated balloon for 2 h, followed by reperfusion for 3 h. Garlicin (1.88 mg/kg) was injected over a period of 1 h, beginning just before reperfusion, in the garlicin group. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were carried out to detect mRNA and protein expressions of CD29 and CD31 3 h after reperfusion.@*RESULTS@#Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a better myocardial structure in the garlicin group after reperfusion. Compared to the model group, garlicin inhibited both the mRNA and protein expression of CD29 and CD31 in reperfusion area and no-reflflow area (P<0.05 respectively).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Garlicin post-conditioning induced cardio-protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in this catheter-based porcine model of AMI. The cardio-protective effect of garlicin is possibly owing to suppression of production of CD29 and CD31, by inhibition of the mRNA expression of CD29 and CD31.

Advance in Gait Stability, Gait Assessment and Fall Risk in Old Adults (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

It is important to predict fall risk for the old adults. Gait and imbalance are generally considered as the greatest risk for falls. Largest Lypunov Exponent (LyE) reflects the gait stability, and it needs to improve in standardization and acceptable algorithms for clinical use. Gait indices are correlated with each other, with their own advantages and limitations. Gait Deviation Index is representative and reliable, and easy to calculate. Gait variability can predict the possibility of falls in the old adults. The combination of all the indices may improve the accuracy of falls risk prediction for the old adults.

Influence of depression on current smoking and smoking intention among adolescents in Shanghai / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To study the impact of depression on tobacco use among adolescents in Shanghai, and to provide reference for the development of effective youth tobacco control measures. Methods: A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to extract 10 557 middle school students in Shanghai. The survey was conducted using the Global Youth Tobacco Questionnaire (WHO) and the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-Item Chinese Version (PHQ-2). Results: Among the respondents, the incidence of depression motion was 12.4%. Both the current smoking rate (8.0% vs 2.5%) and future smoking intention (14.2% vs 4.6%) among students with depression were higher than those without depression (P=0.000). Compared with those without depression, the risks of current smoking and future smoking intention among youth with depression were 1.56 times (95% CI 1.16-2.10) and 1.92 times (95% CI 1.54-2.40) respectively. In addition, the risk of smoking behavior was higher among female with depression than male students, as well as junior high school students than senior high school students. Conclusion: Depression is one of the influencing factors of tobacco use in adolescents. Schools and society should attach importance to the mental health maintenance of adolescents, carry out school-based preventive measures actively, and pay attention to high-risk groups such as female and junior school students with depression particularly.

Rancidness of Armeniacae Semen Amarum involving Bianzhuang Lunzhi / 中国中药杂志

This article aims to compare the qualities of Armeniacae Semen Amarum before and after rancidness, in order to study the rancidness of Armeniacae Semen Amarum. In the experiment, content of fatty oil, acid value and peroxide value were determined before and after rancidness,respectively. Meanwhile, HPLC, GC-MS were utilized to analyze laetrile and fatty acid components. Besides, colorimeter and e-nose were introduced to quantify and compare "color and odor". A correlation analysis was conducted on the above results. The results showed that color of post-rancidness Armeniacae Semen Amarum changed from yellow to brown, with sour and lower content of laetrile. On the contrary, acid and peroxide values increased significantly, with changes in fatty acid component. There was a considerable correlation between appearance characteristics and changes in internal quality. The "sensory analysis-quality identification system" can provide a certain scientific basis for prediction of the content of chemical components in traditional Chinese medicine, preliminary judgment of quality of traditional Chinese medicine and real-time quality monitoring, which offers us novel ideas and reference for storage principles of traditional Chinese medicines of "pre-event prediction, during-event intervention and post-event identification".

Extraction process of total flavonoids of abelmoschus manihot / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids of Abelmoschus manihot. Methods The extraction process was optimized by orthogonal experiment with the content of total flavonoids of A. manihot as index, and ethanol concentration, the ratio of material to solvent, extraction temperature, and extraction time as factors. Results The optimal extraction technology was as follows: the concentration of ethanol was 70%, the ratio of material to solvent was 1: 50, and 90°C water bath for refluxing 0.5 h. Conclusion The extraction technology is simple, accurate, and available for the extraction of total flavonoids of A. manihot.

The preventive effect of garlicin on a porcine model of myocardial infarction reperfusion no-reflow / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate whether garlicin can prevent reperfusion no-reflow in a catheter-based porcine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two male Chinese mini swines were randomized into 3 groups: sham-operation group (n=6), control group (n=8), and garlicin group (n=8). The distal part of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in swines of the latter two groups was completely occluded by dilated balloon for 2 h and a successful AMI model was confirmed by coronary angiography (CAG) and electrocardiograph (ECG), which was then reperfused for 3 h. In the sham-operation group, balloon was placed in LAD without dilatation. Garlicin at a dosage of 1.88 mg/kg was injected 10 min before LAD occlusion until reperfusion for 1 h in the garlicin group. To assess serial cardiac function, hemodynamic data were examined by catheter method before AMI, 2 h after occlusion and 1, 2, and 3 h after reperfusion. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and double staining with Evans blue and thioflavin-S were performed to evaluate myocardial no-reflow area (NRA) and risk area (RA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Left ventricular systolic pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure significantly improved in the garlicin group after reperfusion compared with the control group P<0.05) and 2 h after AMI (P<0.05). MCE showed garlicin decreased reperfusion NRA after AMI compared with the control group (P <0.05). In double staining, NRA/RA in the garlicin group was 18.78%, significantly lower than that of the control group (49.84%, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Garlicin has a preventive effect on the porcine model of myocardial infarction reperfusion no-reflow by improving hemodynamics and decreasing NRA.</p>

Research on correlation between odor and chemical compounds of Lonicera japonica / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to investigate the relationship between odor and contents of the chemical compounds in Lonicera japonica, including chlorogenic acid, galuteolin and polyphenols. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to determine the contents of chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in L. japonica. The ponptent of polyphenols was determined by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Electronic nose was used to extract and measure the odor of L. japonica. Then SPSS 17.0 software was employed for data processing. There is a significant positive correlation between the comprehensive index value of aroma and the contents of chlorogenic acid and polyphenols. The regression equations have been established. However, the relationship between the comprehensive index value and the content of galuteolin is not obvious. This is proof that the odor of L. japonica has close connection with the chemical compounds. Therefore, this research offered a new method for initially determine or predict the content of the chemical composition in L. japonica,

Effect of human placental extract on proliferation of human umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells in vitro / 中国实验血液学杂志

The study was aimed to investigate the hematopoietic function of placenta tissue and clarify the effect of human placental chorionic tissue in different periods on proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro, in order to further understand the changes of the hematopoietic function of placenta with the time prolonging. The experiments were divided into four groups: early placenta (group B), mid-term placenta (group C), full-term placenta (group D), and blank group (group A). The hematopoietic stem cells were amplified in co-culture way, and the colony formation ability after the expansion was observed. The results showed that compared to initial concentration, the CD34(+) cells cultured with full-term placenta were amplified by (2.60 ± 0.20) times, which was significantly higher than those CD34(+) cells cultured with mid-term placenta (1.74 ± 0.24) and early placenta (1.14 ± 0.12), but that in blank group was reduced without amplification. After culture for 14 days, the colony number of group C and group D were significantly higher than that of group A and group B. Among them the number of CFU-GM, CFU-GEMM, BFU-E of group C all were a little higher than that of group D. It is concluded that human placental extract in different period without any exogenous cell factors all can support the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, this ability is getting stronger with time increasing. The colony formation ability of the amplified cells shows weakened after the first increase, this colony formation ability of the amplified cells in group C is strongest, slightly stronger than that of group D.

Short-term impact of modified blood-lipid reports on physicians' lipid lowering drug prescribing behavior and knowledge improvement on dyslipidemia / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the physicians' lipid lowering drug prescribing behavior and knowledge on dyslipidemia before and at 8 months after new-issued blood-lipid reports in our hospital.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Blood-lipid reports in our hospital is newly modified in that the classification of dyslipidemia and lipid-lowering guideline and target lipid level are listed on the back of lipid report besides the normal lipid value listed immediately after the measured lipid levels. Physicians' lipid lowering drug prescribing behavior and knowledge on dyslipidemia before and at 8 months after new-issued blood-lipid reports were examined in 143 doctors from various departments before and at 8 months after new-issued lipid reports.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 8 months after the new issued lipid reports, doctors' cognition rate about the guideline was significantly increased [83.9% (120/143) vs. 67.1% (96/143), P < 0.001] and the guideline was considered more helpful on daily practice [75.3% (58/77) vs. 55.8% (43/77), P = 0.005] compared to baseline. However, the prescription rate of dyslipidemia therapy did not change significantly (69.2% vs. 63.2%, P = 0.117) at 8 months after the new issued lipid reports.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The modification of the blood-lipid reports improved doctors' knowledge on dyslipidemia and on the "Chinese guidelines on prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in adults". However, the lipid lowering drug prescribing behavior remained unchanged at 8 months after the modification of the lipid reports. Further investigation is warranted to see if the lipid lowering drug prescribing behavior could be changed in the long-term.</p>

Isolation and purification of 10-hydroxycamptothecin and vincoside-lactam from Camptotheca acuminata seed by polyamide / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the technological parameters of the isolation and purification of 10-hydroxycamptothecin and vincoside-lactam from Camptotheca acuminata seed by polyamide. The static arid dynamic adsorption characteristics of 10-hydroxycamptothecin and vincoside-lactam on polyamide were studied, and the contents were determined by HPLC. The optimum parameters for adsorption were as follows: the contents of 10-hydroxycamptothecin and vincoside-lactam in the extracts were 0.189 g x L(-1) and 0.334 g x L(-1), respectively, pH 6, flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1), processing volume was 3 BV; for desorption: ethanol-water (60:40), flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1), 5 BV as an eluent. After treated with polyamide, the contents of 10-hydroxycamptothecin and vincoside-lactam were 17.52% and 32.87%, respectively, the recovery yields were 66.05% and 75.86%, respectively. Results showed that polyamide revealed a good ability to separate 10-hydroxycamptothecin and vincoside-lactam. Therefore, we concluded that results in this study may provide scientific references for the large-scale production of 10-hydroxycamptothecin and vincoside-lactam extracted from C. acuminata seed.

The effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on diabetic cardiomyopathy / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), an important cause of heart failure, is characterized by microvascular pathologies and interstitial fibrosis. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent, which can differentiate into cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells. They also secrete angiogenic and antiapoptotic factors. However, little information is available about the effect of MSCs transplantation on diabetic heart.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of isogenic adult rats and cultured ex vivo. Eight weeks post streptozotocin injection, saline or exogenous MSCs labelled with 4'6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole (DAPI) were injected into the femoral vein of diabetic rats and examined 4 weeks later by echocardiography, histopathologic analysis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, zymography analysis for activities of MMP-2 and Western blot analysis for troponin T.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Left ventricular posterior wall thickness and myocardial arteriolar density as well as the TIMP-1 mRNA and MMP-2 activity were significantly decreased in DCM group (P < 0.01 versus control group respectively), these changes were significantly attenuated by MSCs transplantation (P < 0.05 versus DCM). MSCs transplantation also significantly reduced fibrosis and downregulated MMP-9 mRNA in diabetic myocardium.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intravenous MSCs transplantation could attenuate LV remodeling in DCM rats.</p>

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation combined with perindopril treatment attenuates infarction remodelling in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was performed to evaluate whether implantation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) would reduce left ventricular remodelling from the molecular mechanisms compared with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) perindopril into ischemic myocardium after acute myocardial infarction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty rats were divided into four groups: control, MSC, ACEI, MSC+ACEI groups. Bone marrow stem cell derived rat was injected immediately into a zone made ischemic by coronary artery ligation in MSC group and MSC+ACEI group. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was injected into control group. Perindopril was administered p.o. to ACEI group and MSC+ACEI group. Six weeks after implantation, the rats were killed and heart sample was collected. Fibrillar collagen was observed by meliorative Masson's trichome stain. Western Blotting was employed to evaluate the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in infarction zone. The transcriptional level of MMP2, MMP9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in infarction area was detected by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fibrillar collagen area, the protein expression of MMP2, MMP9 and the transcriptional level of MMP2, MMP9 mRNA in infarction zone reduced in MSC group, ACEI group, and MSC+ACEI group. No significant difference was detected in the expression of TIMP1 mRNA among the 4 groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both MSC and ACEI could reduce infarction remodelling by altering collagen metabolism.</p>

Study on differentially expressed gene of the liver of treble fatty metabolism genes mutant mice using cDNA microarray / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the gene expression profile of liver of young apoE(-/-)/LDLR(-/-)/Lepr(db/db) treble genes mutant mice and disclose its relationship to hyperlipidemia and the following atherosclerotic lesion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The gene expression profile was investigated using cDNA microarray technique; the plasma total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG) levels were analyzed by COD-PAP and GPO-PAP method. And morphological observations of the aorta were made.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 4000 target genes, 92 genes were up-regulated and 105 genes were down-regulated in the treble genes mutants, compared with wild type control. Among the differentially expressed lipid metabolism related genes, cholesterol synthesis gene coding for farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase was down-regulated, while triglyceride metabolism gene e.g. pancreatic lipase related protein 1 gene (Pnliprp1) was up-regulated. Expression profile of carbohydrate, cell skeleton and immune related genes were also altered. On the other hand, in the plasma from the treble genes mutant mice at 5 weeks of age, hyperlipidemia was found to be combined with atheroslerotic lesion. All these biochemical and pathological changes were aggravated following aging.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The data suggested that the multiple genes mutations, especially those involved in lipid metabolism, were contributing to the alteration of liver gene expression profile that might lead to hyperlipidemia and atherosclerotic lesion in the young apoE(-/-)/LDLR(-/-)/Lepr(db/db) mutants.</p>